The theory of evolution is a philosophy and a conception of the world that produces false hypotheses, assumptions and imaginary scenarios in order to explain the existence and origin of life in terms of mere coincidences. The roots of this philosophy go back as far as antiquity and ancient Greece. All atheist philosophies that deny creation, ectly or in ectly embrace and defend the idea of evolution. The same condition today applies to all the ideologies and systems that are antagonistic to religion.

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My sincere thanks are due to a Muslim Brother for the following profoundly persuasive scientific data on the subject of EVOLUTION AND DARWINISM
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   The evolutionary notion has been cloaked in a scientific disguise for the last century and a half in order to justify itself. Though put forward as a supposedly scientific theory during the mid-19th century, the theory, despite all the best efforts of its advocates, has not so far been verified by any scientific finding or experiment. Indeed, the "very science" on which the theory depends so greatly has demonstrated and continues to demonstrate repeatedly that the theory has no merit in reality.

Laboratory experiments and probabilistic calculations have definitely made it clear that the proteins from which life arises cannot have been formed by chance. The cell, which supposedly emerged by chance under primitive and uncontrolled terrestrial conditions according to evolutionists, still cannot be synthesised even in the most sophisticated, high-tech laboratories of the 20th century. Not a single "transitional form", creatures which are supposed to show the gradual evolution of advanced organisms from more primitive ones as neo-Darwinist theory claims, has ever been found anywhere in the world despite the most diligent and prolonged search in the fossil record.

Striving to gather evidence for evolution, evolutionists have unwittingly proven by their own hands that evolution cannot have happened at all!

Some of the evolutionists who could not find any substantial evidence in the fossil records, finally decided to create their own evidences themselves. These studies were even included in encyclopedias under titles like evolution conspiracies, and this is the best proof revealing that the theory of evolution is an ideology or a philosophy that is sought to be kept upright with great effort. The most well-known of these conspiracies are stated below:
 

Piltdown Man : A well known doctor and also an amateur paleonthropologist Charles Dawson came out with the assertion that he found a jaw bone and a cranial fragment in a pit in Piltdown, England in 1912. Despite the jaw bone was more of an ape, the teeth and the skull were looking like a man's. These specimens were designated after as "Piltdown man", determined to be dating back to 500 thousand years and displayed as an absolute proof for the evolution of man in several museums. For more than 40 years, many scientific articles were written on it, many interpretations and drawings were made and it was presented as an important evidence for the evolution of man.

Famous American paleoanthropologist H.F.Osborn said; We have to be reminded over and over again that Nature is full of paradoxes and that the order of the universe is not the human order, while he was visiting the British Museum in 1921.[1] In 1949, Kenneth Oakley from British Museum's paleontology department attempted to try the method of "fluorine test", a new test used for determining the date of some old fossils. A trial was made on the Piltdown man's fossil. The result was astounding. During the test, it  was realized that the jaw bone of Piltdown man did not contain any flour. This indicated that the jaw bone was buried no more than a few years. The skull which contained only a small amount of fluorine showed that it was only a few thousand years old.

The latest chronological researches made with the fluorine method revealed that the skull was only a few thousand years old. It was manifested that the teeth in the jaw bone belonging to an orangutan were worn out artificially, and the primitive tools found next to the fossils were simple imitations sharpened by steel devices.[2] In the detailed analysis completed by Kenneth Oakley, William Le Gros Clark and J.S.Weiner; this forgery was definitely made public in 1953. The skull belonged to a 500 year old man, and the mandibular bone belonged to an ape recently died. The teeth were thereafter specially arranged in an array and added to the jaw and the joints were
filled in order to resemble it to that of a man's. Then all these pieces were stained with potassiumdichromate for a dated appearance. These stains were disappearing when dipped in acid. Le Gros Clark who was in the team that disclosed the forgery, could not hide his astonishment against this situation:

The evidences of artificial abrasion immediately sprang to the eye. Indeed so obvious did they seem it may well be asked - how was it that they had escaped notice before? [3]

Nebraska Man : In 1922, Henry Fairfield Osborn the manager of American Museum of Natural History, declared that he found a fossil molar tooth in West Nebraska near Snake Brook belonging to Pliocene Period. This tooth was allegedly carrying the common characteristics of both a man and an ape. Very deep scientific arguments started and some people interpreted this tooth as Pithecanthropus erectus, and some others claimed it was closer to human beings. This fossil that became a matter of argument, was called the "Nebraska man". Its "scientific Latin name" was also given right away: "Hesperopithecus Haroldcook II".

Many authorities gave support to Osborn. Based on this one tooth, the reconstruction pictures of Nebraska man's head and body were drawn. Moreover, Nebraska man was even pictured along with his wife and children, as a whole family in a natural setting.

All of these scenarios were developed just from one tooth. Evolutionist circles endorsed this "ghost man" to such an extent that when a researcher named William Bryan opposed to these biased decisions given by relying on a single tooth, he was harshly criticized.

Yet, in 1927 the other parts of the skeleton were also found. This tooth belonged neither to a man nor an ape. It was realized that this tooth belonged to an extinct and wild American pig species named Prosthennops. William Gregory entitled his article published in the Science magazine where he announced this error as: "Hesperopithecus Apparently Not An Ape Nor A Men".[4]

Then all the drawings of Hesperopithecus haroldcook II and his family were removed immediately from the evolutionary literature with haste.

Ramapithecus : Ramapithecus is known to be the biggest and longest lasting fallacies of the theory of evolution. This name was given to the fossil records found in India in 1932 which allegedly were the first stage of the split between the man and the ape that occurred 14 million years ago. It was used as a solid evidence by the evolutionists for 50-years, from the day it was found in 1932, to the day it was revealed to be a total mistake in 1982.

The importance of Ramapithecus in human evolution was expressed in Simon's article in Time Magazine dated November 1977. He stated: "Ramapithecus structured to be an ancestor of man. If he isn't, we don't have any clue." [5]

Also in Turkey, the book named Modern Biology published by Ministry of Education in 1979 written by Sevinç Karol and her associates, vigorously accepted the idea of Ramapithecus: It was stated without doubt that "the oldest known ancestor of humans was Ramapithecus (tailless ape) which was identified from the jaw and teeth fossils found in Africa and India." However, if these people had read the article of Robert Eckhardt published in Scientific American in 1972, they would surely not speak with such self-confidence. Eckhardt made 24 different measurements on the teeth of Ramapithecus and Dryopithecus (an extinct gorilla species). He then compared these measurements with those he had made on the chimpanzees. According to these comparisons, the difference between the measurements of the teeth of the living chimpanzees was bigger than the difference between Ramapithecus and Dryopithecus. Eckhardt summarizes the outcome of his studies as follows:

Amid the bewildering array of early fossil hominoids, is there one whose morphology marks it man's ancestor? If the factor of genetic variability is considered, the answer appears to be no. [6]

Piltdown man, Nebraska man and fossils such as Ramapithecus are clear evidences indicating that evolutionists do not hesitate to make forgeries or apparently distort the truth in order to prove their own theories. When we look at the other so-called evidences of the legend of "the evolution of man" in the light of these facts, we face a similar situation: There exists a story that is completely unreal and an army of volunteers who would do anything to support this hoax.

The 'False Evidences' Proposed on the Evolution of Man: According to the evolution theory, the men and the contemporary apes had common ancestors. These primitive living beings having evolved in time, some transformed to the apes of our days, and another group following a different branch of evolution formed the humans of our days.

The first -the so called - common ancestors of men and apes are named as "Australopithecus" which means "South African apes". Australopithecus, truly an extinct ancient ape species, has various types. Some of them are well-built, and some other are weak and have smaller bodies.

The evolutionists name the next stage of human evolution as "homo", that is man. According to the evolutionist claim, the living beings in the homo serial are more developed than Australopithecus, and not very much different than man of our days. And the modern man of our days has formed in the last stage of the evolution.

In fact, Australopithecus were the extinct apes, and the living things in the homo series were human beings of extinct races who lived in the ancient period. The evolutionists have put various ape and man fossils respectively in order to compose a scheme of "human evolution". However the scientific facts indicate that these fossils do not verily testify any evolutional process and some of these living beings whom were referred as the human ancestors were real apes, while some were human beings.

Now, we can have a closer look at the Austrolopithecus, which forms the first step of the imaginary human evolution scheme.

Australopithecus: The Real Apes: The evolutionists claim that Australopithecus are the primitive ancestors of modern man of our days. Australopithecus is an ancient type whose facial and cranial characteristics resemble to today's apes, just with smaller cranial volume. However according to the assertion of the evolutionists there is an important characteristic making these creatures the ancestors of man: bipedality.

The movement of apes and men are totally different. The man is the only creature moving with two feet in the true sense, although some animals have limited motion on two feet. For instance, apes and bears, sometimes, walk on two feet for a short time (for example, when they are trying to reach food).

According to the evolutionists these primitive creatures called Australopithecus did walk on two feet stooping every time; they were
bipedals. However they were not able to walk straight up on their two feet, but only walk stooping. Thus, even this limited bipedal walking made the evolutionists sustain that these creatures were the ancestors of men.

However the first evidence refuting the claim of the evolutionists that Australopithecus were bipedal was again from the evolutionist researchers. The detailed exploration on the Australopithecus fossils yielded that they resembled to apes more than any other thing which even accepted by the evolutionists. In the mid 1970's, the evolutionist scientist Charles E. Oxnard who made explicit anatomical examinations on Australopithecus fossils reported a close relation between the skeletons of Australopithecus and that of orangutan of our days.

An important part of today's conventional wisdom about human evolution is based on studies of teeth, jaws and skull fragments of australopithecine fossils. These all indicate that the close relation of australopithecine to the human lineage may not be true. All these fossils are both different than gorillas, chimpanzees and men. Studying as a group, australopithecine seems more like to orang-utan.[7]

However it was real embarrassing for the evolutionists to find out that Australopithecus could not walk stooping and on two foots, as it was claimed. The Australopithecus, claimed to have bipedal locomotion while stooping, then would require too much energy and such structure would not be eneficial for him. Robin Crompton, the computer specialist has demonstrated that this kind of a "compound" walking style is not possible in the studies he made in 1996. Crompton reached to the following conclusion: A living  being can either walk fully upright or fully on its four feet. A walking style in the midst is not possible because of high energy consumption.
Therefore, Australopithecus can not be a half-bipedal animal as opposed to the claims of the evolutionists.

The most important study demonstrating that Australopithecus were not bipedals were made by Fred Spoor who is an anatomist in Liverpool University, Human Anatomy and Cell Biology Department in England and his team of researchers making bipedalism studies on fossils in 1994. With the new technique they used in their researches, the team examined the involuntary-balancing mechanism in the ear cochlea of the fossils. Their findings ended the claims that Australopithecus were man-like.
 

The Real Man Fossils : The last step of the imaginary evolution of man scenerio is the "homo"s and that is the man series. The living beings in this serial are the men not very much different than the contemporary man, but who only have some racial differences. By exaggerating these differences, the evolutionists interpret the fore-mentioned man as a distinct species, but not as a race of the man of our days. However as we will study closer in the following pages, all of the men in the homo series are in fact the individuals of ordinary human races.

According to the theoretical evolutionist scheme, the imaginary evolution of homo species within itself is as follows: First homo erectus, then archaic homo Sapiens, and then Neanderthal man, afterwards Cro-Magnon man, and last the man of our days existed.
All of the species studied as Homo species are in fact, although claimed the reverse by the evolutionists, are real men. First, we can have a look at Homo erectus which was assumed as the most primitive species by the evolutionists.

The most impressing evidence indicating that homo erectus is not a primitive species, is the oldest homo erectus remaining; "Turkana Boy". It is assumed that this fossil named as Turkana Boy is about 12 years old, and he would be 1.83 meters when he became an adult. The straight up structure of the fossil is not anyhow different than the man of our days! The long and tall building of his skeleton totally complies with the skeleton of men living in the tropical regions currently. This fossil is the greatest evidence indicating that homo erectus is a species of the men of our days. Richard Leakey makes a comparison with homo erectus and the modern man as below:

One would also see differences in the shape of the skull, in the degree of protrusion of the face, the robustness of the brows and so on. These differences are probably no more pronounced than we see today between the separate geographical races of modern humans. Such biological variation arises when populations are geographically separated from each other for significant lengths of time.[8]

Thus, Leakey says that the difference between Homo erectus and us is not more than the difference between the black people and the Eskimos. The cranial characteristics of homo erectus have formed as a result of their eating habits, genetic immigration and not getting integrated with the other human races for a while.

Another evidence indicating that homo erectus was not a "primitive" species is that these fossils were also 27.000, and even 13.000 years old. According to an article published in Time magazine-which is, in fact, not that scientific, homo erectus fossils of 27.000 years old were found in the Java island. Also in the Kow swamp in Australia some fossils of 13.000 years old with homo sapiens-homo erectus characteristics were found. All these fossils indicate that homo erectus lived in a very recent history and they were the members of the men of our days who were not able to survive till now and have been buried in the human history.

Archaic Homo Sapiens and Neanderthal Man : Archaic homo sapiens is the last step before contemporary man in the imaginary evolutional scheme. In fact, there is not much thing to say about these men by the evolutionists because they differ from the men of our days with slight variations. Even some researchers tell that the representatives of this species are still living, pointing at the Aborigines in Australia. The Aborigines have thick projective parts on the skull, their jaws are inclined inwards, and has a slightly smaller cranial volume. Moreover, there are serious findings indicating that they may have lived in Hungary and some of the villages in Italy in very recent history.

The evolutionists point out the human fossil called Neanderthal man, found in the Neander valley in Netherlands, as the most important example for archaic homo sapiens. Many researchers in our days define Neanderthal man as a lower species of the modern man and call as "homo sapiens neandertalensis". It is certainly for sure that this race lived together with the modern man in the same region at the same time. The findings testify that Neanderthals buried the deads, made up musical instruments, and shared the same culture with the homo sapiens sapiens living at the same period with them. The evidently modern skulls and skeletons of Neanderthals can lead to nospeculations. Erik Trinkaus, a respectable authority in this area, states:

Detailed comparisons of Neanderthal skeletal remains with those of modern humans have shown that there is nothing in Neanderthal anatomy that conclusively indicates locomotor, manipulative, intellectual, or linguistic abilities inferior to those of modern humans.[9]

Additionally Neanderthals have some superiority in comparison to the contemporary man. The cranial volume of Neanderthals is bigger than the modern men's, and their bodies are stronger, and more well-built, have stronger muscles. Trinkaus continues as below:

One of the most characteristic features of the Neanderthals is the exaggerated massiveness of their trunk and limb bones. All of the preserved bones suggest a strength seldom attained by modern humans. Furthermore, not only is this robustness present among the adult males, as one might expect, but it is also evident in the adult females, adolescents, and even children.[10]

Briefly, Neanderthals are authentic human species assimilated in time.


Read Also: A scientific work by Harun Yahya and his Research foundation in Turkey: The Evolution Deceit

Notes
1. Stephen Jay Gould, "Smith Woodward's Folly", New Scientist,
5 April 1979, p. 44.

2. "Piltdown", Meydan Larousse, Vol. 10, p. 133.

3. Jay Stephen Gould, "Smith Woodwards Folly", New Scientist,
5 April 1979, p. 44.

4. W. K. Gregory, "Hesperopithecus Apparently Not An Ape Nor A Men",
Science, Vol. 66, December 1927, p. 579.

5. Elwyn Simons, "Puzzling Out Men's Ascent", Time, 7 November 1977,
Vol. 110, p. 51.

6. Robert Ackhardt, "Population Genetics and Human Origins", Scientific
American, Vol. 226, 1972, p. 94.

7. Charles E. Oxnard, "The Place of Australopithecines in Human Evolution:
Grounds for Doubt", Nature, Vol. 258, p. 389.

8. Richard Leakey, The Making of Mankind, London, Sphere Books, 1981,
p. 116.

9. Erik Trinkaus, "Hard Times Among the Neanderthals", Natural History,
No 87, December 1978, p. 10; R. L. Holloway, "The Neanderthal Brain:
What Was Primitive", American Journal of Physical Anthrolopology,
Supplement, No 12, 1991, p. 94.

10. H. Valladas, J. L. Reyss, J. L. Joron, G. Valladas, O. Bar Yosef,
B. Vandermesch, "Thermoluminescence Dating of Mousterian
Proto-Cro-Magnon Remains From Israel and the Origin of Modern Man",
Nature, No 331, February 18 1988, pp. 614-616